Sistosomiasis is one of the dreaded disease because it has claimed many lives. Even in Indonesia itself sistosomiasis outbreaks often occur in some areas. Not infrequently these diseases is also mediated by animal type slugs. The number who died is also not spelled out a little. Actually what is causing this to happen?
WHAT IS SISTOSOMIASIS?
Sistosomiasis (schistosomiasis) is an infectious disease second only to malaria. Another name of this disease is Biliharzia taken from the name of Theodore Maximillian Biliharz pathologist (1825-1862). This disease is a parasitic disease (worms) that live in the veins.
There are 5 species sistosoma, including sistosoma mansoni, sistosoma hematobium, sistosoma japonicum, sistosoma mekongi, and sistosoma intercalatum. In Indonesia, the species found are sistosoma sistosoma japonicum.
Anyone can contract this disease both men and women. Likewise with age. Both children and adults have the same opportunities sistosomiasis exposed to the disease.
Sistosomiasis This is one of the leading causes of death in Africa, South America, Middle East and Asia.
WHAT ARE THE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF BEING SISTOSOMIASIS?
The most common symptoms experienced by patients sistosomiasis are fever, urticaria (a kind of allergic reaction that causes the reddish color stripes), nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Sometimes encountered dysentery syndrome.
Other symptoms that can also be found among other things:
-Hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen and liver)
-Hematuria (blood in urine)
Myelitislike-syndrome
Female genital-tract disorders
-Purpura (small bleeding in the skin)
One other thing to note is that the symptoms sistosomiasis each different species.
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF DISEASE SISTOSOMIASIS?
The reason is obvious. And has also been described above. The reason is the trematode sistosoma. In the area of Indonesia itself, the main cause is sistosomiasis S.japonicum species.
WHAT TREATMENT IS APPROPRIATE FOR DISEASE SISTOSOMIASIS?
One therapy that is suitable for the praziquantel sistosomiasis. The drug is able to treat sistosomiasis due S.hematobium species, S.mansoni, and S.japonicum.
Other drugs are also quite often used is Oxamniquine, artemisin, and metrifonate. However, these medications are rarely used for sistosomiasis due S.japonicum species.
Surgical treatment is also sometimes could be an option to remove polyps or urinary tract blockage.
WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS OF SISTOSOMIASIS?
A frequent complication of this disease include:
-Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen)
-Malnutrition (malnutrition)
Esofagii-varicose veins (enlarged veins in the esophagus)
-Portal hypertension (increased blood flow of portal pressure above 10-12 mm Hg)
-Pulmonary hypertension.
-Impaired liver function
Large-intestinal disorders
-Chronic renal failure
-Kankre jar, tranversa myelitis, neuritis, epilepsy or optics as a result of the accumulation of eggs sistoma.
WHAT TO DO TO PREVENT SISTOSOMIASIS?
To prevent this disease is not difficult. It only took an intention to do so alone. For example, do not swim in fresh water which often occurs sistosomiasis.
Then another attempt is to drink clean water free of parasites. Make it a habit to drink water that has been cooked properly.
For people who live in the suburbs it's good to be aware of themselves from the snails are probably the intermediary of this disease. Even better if water snails which often occurs sistosomiasis immediately eradicated.
SOURCE REFERENCE:
? Kogulan, Palaniandy. MBBS. MD. (February 26, 2010). "Schistosomiasis". http://www.emedicine.com
? Dhawan, Vinod K. MD. FACP. FRCP (C). (May 15, 2008). "Schistosomiasis". http://www.emedicine.com
? Specialist Doctors Association of Indonesia. "Textbook of Medicine". IPD FKUI Publishing Center. Jakarta. 2007: 1844 to 1848.
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